Expat – Foreigner – Alien – Immigrant. Difference and Meaning

The usage of “expat,” “foreigner,” “alien,” and “immigrant” can vary based on the context and the specific characteristics of the individuals being referred to. Here’s a more comprehensive guideline for the best use of each term:

We use “expat” when referring to individuals living temporarily or permanently in a country other than their country of citizenship or nationality by choice. This term is commonly used positively and neutrally, particularly in the context of people who have moved to another country for work, lifestyle, or personal reasons. It is a preferred and friendly term when discussing individuals living abroad.

We use “foreigner” to describe someone who is not a citizen or national of the country they are currently in. It is a general and relatively neutral term that refers to people from other countries who may be visiting or residing temporarily or permanently. This is the preferred term used by Slovak authorities.

We prefer to use “alien” sparingly and cautiously, as it has a more formal and legal connotation. In official or legal contexts, “alien” defines someone who is not a citizen or national of the country. It may not be the best term to use in everyday conversation or when referring to people in a non-legal context, as it may sound impersonal or create a sense of otherness. This term is common in the United States government language, especially related to visas.

We use “immigrant” to describe individuals who have moved to a new country to settle there permanently or for an extended period. This term typically implies the process of relocation for long-term residency and integration into the new society. Unfortunately, the word is frequently used by populist politicians in connection with illegal immigration.

Use “expat” for individuals living abroad by choice, often associated with working or lifestyle choices.
Use “foreigner” as a general term for someone from another country visiting or residing temporarily or permanently.
Use “alien” in official or legal contexts, but be cautious in everyday conversations to avoid creating a sense of otherness.
Use “immigrant” to describe people who have relocated to a new country to settle there permanently or for an extended period.

When referring to individuals, it’s essential to use respectful, inclusive, and sensitive language to cultural diversity and identity.

(11)